However, in a dive-bombing attack, it’s not just a case of getting one plane or ten or even fifteen. This article is part of our larger resource on the WW2 Navies warfare. I am now looking at wounded man to see if I know him. This is a replay of a game of the Battle of the Eastern Solomons we played last week. California – Do not sell my personal information. She shot down seven planes and helped shoot down at least seven more. All actions were carried out by carrier or land-based aircraft. The naval Battle of the Eastern Solomons (also known as the Battle of the Stewart Islands and, in Japanese sources, as the Second Battle of the Solomon Sea (第二次ソロモン海戦?)) Around 9:35 AM, an American Catalina spotted the Ryujo force en route to Guadalcanal. 23-25 August 1942. If the American naval forces and in particular the carriers could be destroyed, then Guadalcanal would fall. You can also buy the book by clicking on the buttons to the left. The naval Battle of the Eastern Solomons (also known as the Battle of the Stewart Islands and, in Japanese sources, as the Second Battle of the Solomon Sea) took place on 24–25 August 1942, and was the third carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II and the second major engagement fought between the United States Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Guadalcanal campaign. . After a considerable hiatus because of work on Bay of Bengal and the second edition standard rules of Solomon Sea, I finally managed to get on with the sequence, playing Eastern Solomons as the next battle. Over the next hour, the American carrier was struck by three bombs which caused heavy damage, but failed to cripple the ship. Nagumo lofted a strike shortly before 3:00, twenty-seven Shokaku and Zuikaku dive bombers with fifteen Zeros. World War II Pacific: The Japanese Advance Stopped, World War II: Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, World War II: Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher, World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, World War II and the Battle of the Java Sea, World War II Database: Battle of the Eastern Solomons, Carriers Meet Again: Battle of the Eastern Solomons, M.S., Information and Library Science, Drexel University, B.A., History and Political Science, Pennsylvania State University, 2 fleet carriers, 1 battleship, 4 cruisers, 11 destroyers, 2 fleet carriers, 1 light carrier, 2 battleships, 16 cruisers, 25 destroyers. Aboard Saratoga, Fletcher was hesitant to launch an attack, preferring to husband his aircraft in case the Japanese carriers were located. We were absolutely unable to see the planes due to the fact that they were so high and small, and that it was late in the afternoon and the sky was considerably bluer than it would have been earlier. Reacting to this report, strikes took off from Saratoga and Henderson Field. Combat Narrative The Battle of the Eastern Solomons oil, by John Hamilton. This was followed by Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo's Main Body, centered on the carriers Shokaku and Zuikaku, as well as the light carrier Ryujo. by Warfare History … All attacks were carried out by land or carrier-based aircraft; the two sides’ ships were never within sight of each other. Battle of the Eastern Solomons AUGUST 24, 1942: Baptism of Fire – the Battleship’s first battle engagement The Battleship’s first crew member killed in action was George E. Conlon on August 24, 1942. Battle of the Eastern Solomons Background. The Battle of the Eastern Solomons As the forces steamed toward each other, the elaborate net spread out by search planes of both sides once more extended over the approaches to Guadalcanal. Most of the Japanese troops stymied in their effort to reach Guadalcanal were delivered later, but lacking many weapons. The overall Japanese plan called for Nagumo's carriers to locate and destroy their American counterparts which would allow Abe and Kondo's fleets to close and eliminate the remaining Allied naval forces in a surface action. During the battle, neither side was ever within sight of each other. The one that hit Gun Group Number Three wiped out the entire group of thirty-nine men. Japanese: Markus Stumptner Allies: Christian Auernigg . Japanese casualties numbered around 290 and included the loss of valuable aircrews. The battle of the Eastern Solomons (24-25 August 1942) was the second battle in the series of six naval actions linked to the fighting on Guadalcanal and was a carrier battle that ended as a minor American victory.. After their first small-scale counterattacks on Guadalcanal had failed the Japanese began to move reinforcements to the island. "World War II: Battle of the Eastern Solomons." This attack was defeated by planes from Henderson. Other Big E search teams also found enemy ships and attacked cruisers. Meanwhile, carrier squadrons cycled in and out of Guadalcanal, code name “Cactus.” Apart from Enterprise’s Flight 300, Scouting Three joined the “Cactus Air Force” for six weeks in September and October. NORTH CAROLINA arrived in the Pacific ready to do battle on July 11, 1942. For Nagumo, the engagement resulted in the loss of Ryujo, one light cruiser, a destroyer, a troop ship, and 75 aircraft. Though not an aviator, like Fletcher he had Nimitz’s confidence. Due to further communication issues, the fighter cover had some difficulty intercepting the Japanese. The follow-up strike returned to CarDiv Five minus five planes. For Nagumo, the engagement resulted in the loss of Ryujo, one light cruiser, a destroyer, a troop ship, and 75 aircraft. Battle … The Battle of the Eastern Solomons was the third carrier battle of the Pacific War, following the Battle of the Coral Sea (May 4-8, 1942) and Battle of Midway (June 4-6, 1942). The landings initiated the six-month-long Battle of Guadalcanal. In that time, they had suffered supply shortages, bombing raids and naval bombardments, had annihilated an initial Japanese force sent to dislodge Scott Michael Rank, Ph.D., is the editor of History on the Net and host of the History Unplugged podcast. Site created in November 2000. Both main carrier forces found each other about the same time, but Japanese communications proved superior. ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. A historian of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, he is a publisher of popular history, a podcaster, and online course creator. Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Conflict: The Battle of the Eastern Solomons was fought during World War II. "World War II: Battle of the Eastern Solomons." With the defeat of Tanaka's convoy, both Fletcher and Nagumo elected to withdraw from the area ending the battle. Five-inch on local control did very well. The carrier flight deck from amidships aft was smoking fiercely and flames were seen shooting out from the hangar deck. On August 31 Saratoga was sidelined for the second time that year. A torpedo hit was observed on the starboard side forward. Carrier Clash: The Invasion of Guadalcanal and the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, August 1942 (The Guadalcanal Battles Series Book 3) - Kindle edition by Hammel, Eric. This first episode, battle of the Eastern Solomons, took part in 1942. The following article on the Battle of the Eastern Solomons an excerpt from Barrett Tillman’s book On Wave and Wing: The 100 Year Quest to Perfect the Aircraft Carrier. By August 20, 1942, US Marines had been ashore on Guadalcanal Island for almost two weeks. A Japanese dive bomber burns as it is shot down directly over Enterprise during an attack on August 24, 1942. . The Battle of the Eastern Solomons gained the Marines on shore a valuable respite from Japanese reinforcement. New to the Avenger, he nonetheless navigated to an erroneous contact report (waves breaking over a reef) and back again, reaching Saratoga to make his fourth landing in a TBF—his first such landing at night. AUGUST 24, 1942: Baptism of Fire – the Battleship’s first battle engagement. Eric Hammel's CARRIER STRIKE The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, should be the definitive work on this, the last of the 4 major carrier battles of WWII. Japanese cruiser Tone maneuvering during U.S. B-17 attack during the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on August 24, 1942. The naval Battle of the Eastern Solomons (also known as the Battle of the Stewart Islands and, in Japanese sources, as the Second Battle of the Solomon Sea (第二次ソロモン海戦?)) Hickman, Kennedy. . Battle of Eastern Solomons (August 23-25, 1942) The first major carrier battle over the Solomons occurred shortly after the American landings. Seaman Mike Marko detailed in his diary, “Time is now 1740. One of the most famous images of the Pacific War - a bomb caught at the instant it exploded on the Big E's flight deck during the Eastern Solomons battle - has long been attributed to Photographer's Mate Second Class Robert Frederic Read. Clearly, carrier warfare would continue exacting a price. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. graduate Eastern Solomons. As part of this counter-offensive, a troop convoy was formed under the command of Rear Admiral Raizo Tanaka with orders to proceed to Guadalcanal. A second Japanese strike failed to locate the American ships due to radio issues. Japanese casualties numbered around 290 and included the loss of valuable aircrews. Zuikaku alone lost her entire nine-plane bomber squadron. The Battle of the Eastern Solomons on August 24, 1942—part of the Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific Theatre of World War Two—was the third carrier battle between the United States and Japan. Along with the Battle of Midway, Guadalcanal marked a turning point in … The battle resulted from a major effort by the Japanese to reinforce their troop strength on the island of Guadalcanal. Around 4:00 PM, Saratoga's planes commenced their attack on Ryujo. The Battle of the Eastern Solomons took place on 23-25 August 1942, early in the Guadalcanal campaign. Military conflicts similar to or like. Battle of the Eastern Solomons. NORTH CAROLINA fought her first battle on August 24, 1942. The Battle of the Eastern Solomons on August 24, 1942—part of the Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific Theatre of World War Two—was the third carrier battle between the United States and Japan. Though Frank Jack Fletcher, riding Saratoga, had overall command of the U.S. carriers, the Enterprise operated semi-independently. During the battle, neither side was ever within sight of each other. At 2:25 PM a scout plane from the cruiser Chikuma located Fletcher's flattops. The battle of the Eastern Solomons (24-25 August 1942) was the second battle in the series of six naval actions linked to the fighting on Guadalcanal and was a carrier battle that ended as a minor American victory.. After their first small-scale counterattacks on Guadalcanal had failed the Japanese began to move reinforcements to the island. Finally at 1:40 PM, he ordered 38 planes from Saratoga to take off and attack Ryujo. It was fought over a wide area: Nagumo well to the north of Guadalcanal and Fletcher to the north and northeast. During the Battle of Guadalcanal, the fight for the eastern Solomons helped hasten the Japanese withdrawal from the southern Solomons. The Japanese realized that reinforcements were desperately needed on the island. However, as they worked around toward the stern, where we had little firepower protection, when they came down although we hit them, they were able to take aim and we sustained three hits. Felt directed twenty-one SBDs and five TBFs to hit Ryujo while the others went for the large cruiser Tone. It was to turn into a six-month-long seesaw campaign that pitted ships and aircraft of the U.S. Navy and ground and air units of the Marine Corps and Army against tenacious Japanese resistance by land and sea. In that time, they had suffered supply shortages, bombing raids and naval bombardments, had annihilated an initial Japanese force sent to dislodge Hickman, Kennedy. Pacific Fleet Commander-in-Chief Admiral Chester W. Nimitz at Pearl Harbor and Admiral Halsey at Nouméa based their plans on weekly intelligence estimates of Japanese fleet dispositions that were compiled by the F-16 Section of the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) in Washington. Flying his personal Dauntless, “Queen Bee,” he orchestrated a coordinated attack of thirty dive bombers and eight torpedo planes against the enemy force. Hickman, Kennedy. HyperWar: The Battle of the Eastern Solomons [ONI Combat Narrative] 23--25 August 1942. Scrambling 53 F4F Wildcats, Saratoga and Enterprise began evasive maneuvers after launching all of their attack aircraft with orders to seek targets of opportunity. . Overview The 7–8 August 1942 landings on the eastern Solomons islands of Guadalcanal and Tulagi were the U.S. Navy's first offensive amphibious operation in the Pacific. By using ThoughtCo, you accept our, Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Aftermath. . Reporting back, the sighting report never reached Fletcher due to communication problems. (2020, August 26). . They hit several planes on the nose . The Battle of the Eastern Solomons ends with the Japanese Navy claiming at least 90 aircraft lost while the American Navy enjoys victory with 20 aircraft lost in the fray. The Battleship’s first crew member killed in action was George E. Conlon on August 24, 1942. All four were shot into the sea. Click here for our comprehensive article on the WW2 Navies. The toll was a shock: in the previous nine months of war she had lost fewer than one hundred dead. Two Enterprise scouts nosed into an attack that scratched Shokaku but left her intact. Hitting the light carrier with 3-5 bombs and possibly a torpedo, the American planes left the carrier dead in the water and on fire. By 7:45 PM Enterprise was able to resume flight operations. About 1712 [5:12 p.m.] the first Jap dive bomber commenced its attack. Meanwhile, Lieutenant Turner F. Caldwell took eleven orphaned Enterprise SBDs to Henderson Field. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. With no confirmed reports about the location of the Japanese carriers, Fletcher released Wasp south to refuel. The Japanese high command had realized this reinforcement was necessary following the annihilation of the Ichiki Detachment by the 1st Marines a few days earlier. The Japanese realized that reinforcements were desperately needed on the island. Other articles where Battle of the Eastern Solomons is discussed: World War II: The Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942–May 1943: On August 23–25, in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, the Japanese lost a light carrier, a destroyer, and a submarine and sustained damage to a cruiser and to a seaplane carrier but sank an Allied destroyer and crippled a cruiser. In addition, Enterprise was badly damaged, but remained operable. He has appeared on The History Channel as a featured expert. Though neither had success on the 22nd, an American PBY Catalina spotted Tanaka's convoy on August 23. This was an instantaneous bomb. It is available to order now at Amazon and Barnes & Noble. As the attack on Ryujo was beginning, the first wave of Japanese planes was detected by Fletcher's force. Navy Department Office of Naval Intelligence. Unable to save the ship, Ryujo was abandoned by its crew. Through the rest of the morning, this report was followed by sightings of Kondo's ships and a cover force sent from Rabaul to protect Tanaka's convoy. The action report summarized, “Three direct bomb hits and several very close misses were observed. Read lost his life during the battle of 24 August 1942 and it is widely believed that his final photo was of the bomb that killed him. Departing Truk on August 16, Tanaka steamed south aboard the light cruiser Jintsu. Centered around the carriers USS Enterprise, USS Wasp, and USS Saratoga, Fletcher's force returned to the waters off Guadalcanal on August 21, to support US Marines in the wake of the Battle of Tenaru. In the wake of the Battle of the Eastern Solomons She was towed to Truk in the Carolines for repair and eventual conversion to a conventional carrier. Nagumo’s second wave, almost equal to the first, might have done severe damage to Enterprise, if it weren’t for poor Japanese communication during the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. Enterprise reeled from her casualties, seventy-eight killed and ninety wounded. Meanwhile, action continued at sea. Wasp’s Scouting Squadron Seventy-One flew up from the rear area to remain from late September to early November. Attacking from fifteen thousand feet, Bombing Three and Scouting Three contributed to the tonnage dropped, but the Midway-experienced VB-3 did most of the damage. . © HistoryOnTheNet 2000-2019. The following day both Fletcher and Nagumo launched scout planes in an effort to locate each other's carriers. Wildcats and AA guns took their toll on the attackers—twenty six in all. One on fiveinch Gun Group Number Three; one on the flight deck aft, which penetrated down three decks; and another one just abaft the island structure on the flight deck. 23--25 August 1942. While the battle had few long-term results, it did force the Japanese to bring reinforcements to Guadalcanal by destroyer which severely limited the equipment that could be transported to the island. Four Aichis, thinking the carrier doomed, diverted to attack the escorting battleship North Carolina (BB-55). Solo Campaign Sequence - Battle of the Eastern Solomons. Designated “Flight 300” in the Big E’s air plan, they remained ashore for more than a month, sinking a transport and a destroyer. American and Japanese forces clashed on August 24-25, 1942. You’ve got to get them all, you can’t afford to get hit. Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Japanese forces‎ (28 C, 12 F) Pages in category "Battle of the Eastern Solomons" This category contains only the following page. It looked to me that if you had enough guns that the enemy planes would be in trouble, would have to swerve off or . Both sides lost three planes, but radar plots gave Fletcher a good idea of Hara’s location. Leading Enterprise’s air group was Lieutenant Commander Maxwell F. Leslie, skipper of Bombing Three at Midway. The naval Battle of the Eastern Solomons (also known as the Battle of the Stewart Islands and, in Japanese sources, as the Second Battle of the Solomon Sea (第二次ソロモン海戦?)) Both of these were supported by Rear Admiral Hiroaki Abe's Vanguard Force consisting of 2 battleships, 3 heavy cruisers, and 1 light cruiser and Vice Admiral Nobutake Kondo's Advance Force of 5 heavy cruisers and 1 light cruiser. Dropping out of the late-afternoon sky through heavy flak, the Dauntlesses put both bombs close aboard, opening Chitose’s hull and destroying aircraft on deck. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-the-eastern-solomons-2361431. 2000-09-14. Battle of the Eastern Solomons Background. In addition, Enterprise was badly damaged, but remained operable. It was the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. . The Battle of the Eastern Solomons cost Fletcher 25 aircraft and 90 killed. https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-the-eastern-solomons-2361431 (accessed April 2, 2021). Other articles where Battle of the Eastern Solomons is discussed: World War II: The Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942–May 1943: On August 23–25, in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, the Japanese lost a light carrier, a destroyer, and a submarine and sustained damage to a cruiser and to a seaplane carrier but sank an Allied destroyer and crippled a cruiser. The tremendous number of 20mms that we were able to bring to bear on each plane caused them either to miss or to drop in flames. . All attacks were carried out by land or carrier-based aircraft; the two … ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/battle-of-the-eastern-solomons-2361431. Click here for our comprehensive article on the WW2 Navies. All rights reserved. Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Aftermath . Sara and Big E quickly launched aircraft on deck to reduce the fire hazard, moments before the Aichis rolled in at 4:30. Action began that afternoon with Ryujo launching a small strike of Nakajima level bombers against Henderson Field that was intercepted by Marine Wildcats. . While Ultra’s code-breakers furnished crucial insights into the Japanese navy’s intentions and maneuvers, Allied intelligence was not omniscient. As the light carrier and its escorts sailed away, Nagumo had the aircraft aboard Shokaku and Zuikaku prepared to launch immediately upon receiving word about the American carriers. The landings on the islands were meant to deny their use by the Japanese as bases to threaten supply routes between the U.S. and Australia, and secure the islands as launching points for a campaign with an eventual goal of isolating the major Japanese base at Rabaul while also supporting the Allied New Guinea campaign. By August 20, 1942, US Marines had been ashore on Guadalcanal Island for almost two weeks. During the Battle of the Eastern Solomons five F4Fs were also downed, including victims of “friendly” antiaircraft gunners. Enterprise (top left) and escorts maneuver during Japanese air attack on August 24, 1942. Commencing their attack, the Japanese focused their assault on Enterprise. All actions were carried out by carrier or land-based aircraft. . Battle of the Eastern Solomons. The next morning the battle was renewed when aircraft from Henderson Field attacked Tanaka's convoy. Led by Lieutenant Robert M. Elder, one of the finest aviators afloat, the small formation found the battleship Mutsu with seaplane carrier Chitose and four escorts. Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Background: In the wake of the Allied landings on Guadalcanal in August 1942, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto and the Japanese high command began planning Operation Ka with the goal retaking the island. The Japanese encountered fifty-three Wildcats airborne, but some were poorly positioned to intercept. Battle of the Eastern Solomons. One of our forward 20mm gunners opened up on him when he was at 10,000 feet, and this was the signal for the formation. Fletcher stood by to repel boarders as his radar detected Nagumo’s bombers inbound. the pilot would be killed. Wikipedia. . . After the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, in which the U.S. aircraft carrier Enterprise was heavily damaged and forced to travel to Pearl Harbour, Hawaii for a month of major repairs, three U.S. carrier task forces remained in the South It is available to order now at Amazon and Barnes & Noble. and the planes disintegrated. With Allied forces destroyed, the Japanese would be able to land reinforcements to clear Guadalcanal and retake Henderson Field. ThoughtCo. Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Exchanging Blows: Aware that his ships had been sighted, Tanaka turned north and successfully evaded the America aircraft. Opposing the Japanese advance were Allied naval forces under Vice Admiral Frank J. Fletcher. The first, at the end of August, was later called the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, while the second took place two months later on October 26,1942. The attack lasted five or six minutes, and during that time they came down one after another starting from the port bow and working around to the starboard quarter. My impression of the battle was that if we had a little more firepower, it might have been different. Battle of Eastern Solomons (August 23-25, 1942) The first major carrier battle over the Solomons occurred shortly after the American landings. The Battle of the Eastern Solomons was fought August 23–25, 1942 in the waters east and northeast of the Solomon Islands by forces of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet and the US Navy's Pacific Fleet. We had the old 1.1 inchers without power drive and about thirty-two 20mm and of course our eight five-inch guns. Commanding the Big E’s Task Force Sixty-One was Rear Admiral Thomas Kinkaid, who led Yorktown’s escorts at Coral Sea and Enterprise’s at Midway. The carrier launched fighters just before bombs began to fall, too late to intervene. 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